NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 9 – Differential Equations Ex 9.4 - Free Study Material ,CBSE Sample Papers, Books

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 9 – Differential Equations Ex 9.4

Page No 395:

Question 1:

Answer:

The given differential equation is:

Now, integrating both sides of this equation, we get:

This is the required general solution of the given differential equation.

Question 2:

Answer:

The given differential equation is:

Now, integrating both sides of this equation, we get:

This is the required general solution of the given differential equation.

Page No 396:

Question 3:

Answer:

The given differential equation is:

Now, integrating both sides, we get:

This is the required general solution of the given differential equation.

Question 4:

Answer:

The given differential equation is:

Integrating both sides of this equation, we get:

Substituting these values in equation (1), we get:

This is the required general solution of the given differential equation.

Question 5:

Answer:

The given differential equation is:

Integrating both sides of this equation, we get:

Let (e^x + e^–x) = t.

Differentiating both sides with respect to x, we get:

Substituting this value in equation (1), we get:

This is the required general solution of the given differential equation.

Question 6:

Answer:

The given differential equation is:

Integrating both sides of this equation, we get:

This is the required general solution of the given differential equation.

Question 7:

Answer:

The given differential equation is:

Integrating both sides, we get:

Substituting this value in equation (1), we get:

This is the required general solution of the given differential equation.

Question 8:

Answer:

The given differential equation is:

Integrating both sides, we get:

This is the required general solution of the given differential equation.

Question 9:

Answer:

The given differential equation is:

Integrating both sides, we get:

Substituting this value in equation (1), we get:

This is the required general solution of the given differential equation.

Question 10:

Answer:

The given differential equation is:

Integrating both sides, we get:

Substituting the values of

in equation (1), we get:

This is the required general solution of the given differential equation.

Question 11:

Answer:

The given differential equation is:

Integrating both sides, we get:

Comparing the coefficients of x² and x, we get:

A + B = 2

B + C = 1

A + C = 0

Solving these equations, we get:

Substituting the values of A, B, and C in equation (2), we get:

Therefore, equation (1) becomes:

Substituting C = 1 in equation (3), we get:

Question 12:

Answer:

Integrating both sides, we get:

Comparing the coefficients of x², x, and constant, we get:

Solving these equations, we get

Substituting the values of A, B, and C in equation (2), we get:

Therefore, equation (1) becomes:

Substituting the value of k²in equation (3), we get:

Question 13:

Answer:

Integrating both sides, we get:

Substituting C = 1 in equation (1), we get:

Question 14:

Answer:

Integrating both sides, we get:

Substituting C = 1 in equation (1), we get:

y = sec x

Question 15:

Find the equation of a curve passing through the point (0, 0) and whose differential equation is

Answer:

The differential equation of the curve is:

Integrating both sides, we get:

Substituting this value in equation (1), we get:

Now, the curve passes through point (0, 0).

Substituting

in equation (2), we get:

Hence, the required equation of the curve is

Question 16:

For the differential equation

find the solution curve passing through the point (1, –1).

Answer:

The differential equation of the given curve is:

Integrating both sides, we get:

Now, the curve passes through point (1, –1).

Substituting C = –2 in equation (1), we get:

This is the required solution of the given curve.

Question 17:

Find the equation of a curve passing through the point (0, –2) given that at any point

on the curve, the product of the slope of its tangent and y-coordinate of the point is equal to the x-coordinate of the point.

Answer:

Let x and y be the x-coordinate and y-coordinate of the curve respectively.

We know that the slope of a tangent to the curve in the coordinate axis is given by the relation,

According to the given information, we get:

Integrating both sides, we get:

Now, the curve passes through point (0, –2).

∴ (–2)² – 0² = 2C

⇒ 2C = 4

Substituting 2C = 4 in equation (1), we get:

y² – x² = 4

This is the required equation of the curve.

Question 18:

At any point (x, y) of a curve, the slope of the tangent is twice the slope of the line segment joining the point of contact to the point (–4, –3). Find the equation of the curve given that it passes through (–2, 1).

Answer:

It is given that (x, y) is the point of contact of the curve and its tangent.

The slope (m₁) of the line segment joining (x, y) and (–4, –3) is

We know that the slope of the tangent to the curve is given by the relation,

According to the given information:

Integrating both sides, we get:

This is the general equation of the curve.

It is given that it passes through point (–2, 1).

Substituting C = 1 in equation (1), we get:

y + 3 = (x + 4)²

This is the required equation of the curve.

Question 19:

The volume of spherical balloon being inflated changes at a constant rate. If initially its radius is 3 units and after 3 seconds it is 6 units. Find the radius of balloon after t seconds.

Answer:

Let the rate of change of the volume of the balloon be k (where k is a constant).

Integrating both sides, we get:

⇒ 4π × 3³= 3 (k × 0 + C)

⇒ 108π = 3C

⇒ C = 36π

At t = 3, r = 6:

⇒ 4π × 6³ = 3 (k × 3 + C)

⇒ 864π = 3 (3k + 36π)

⇒ 3k = –288π – 36π = 252π

⇒ k = 84π

Substituting the values of k and C in equation (1), we get:

Thus, the radius of the balloon after t seconds is

Page No 397:

Question 20:

In a bank, principal increases continuously at the rate of r% per year. Find the value of r if Rs 100 doubles itself in 10 years (log_e 2 = 0.6931).

Answer:

Let p, t, and r represent the principal, time, and rate of interest respectively.

It is given that the principal increases continuously at the rate of r% per year.

Integrating both sides, we get:

It is given that when t = 0, p = 100.

⇒ 100 = e^k … (2)

Now, if t = 10, then p = 2 × 100 = 200.

Therefore, equation (1) becomes:

Hence, the value of r is 6.93%.

Question 21:

In a bank, principal increases continuously at the rate of 5% per year. An amount of Rs 1000 is deposited with this bank, how much will it worth after 10 years

Answer:

Let p and t be the principal and time respectively.

It is given that the principal increases continuously at the rate of 5% per year.

Integrating both sides, we get:

Now, when t = 0, p = 1000.

⇒ 1000 = e^C … (2)

At t = 10, equation (1) becomes:

Hence, after 10 years the amount will worth Rs 1648.

Question 22:

In a culture, the bacteria count is 1,00,000. The number is increased by 10% in 2 hours. In how many hours will the count reach 2,00,000, if the rate of growth of bacteria is proportional to the number present?